🌿 罗勒 Ocimum basilicum
🌿 香草 🧬 唇形科（薄荷类）
罗勒（香草）的伴生植物：可一起种植的好邻居、相克的植物以及种植窍门。EkoHarita — Dünya varmış!
🌿 在互动表格中打开
好邻居 — 可一起种植
坏邻居 — 不宜相邻种植
种植与播种要点
📅 播种终霜后在室内育苗，或在温暖土壤中（至少约 18°C；最佳发芽 21-29°C，理想 24-29°C）直播；5-14 天发芽；对寒冷非常敏感。
🌱 深度0.3-0.5 厘米（极浅播，种子很小；USU 建议 1/8 英寸约 0.3 厘米，最多 0.6 厘米）。
📏 间距20-30 cm
🌞 光照全日照
💧 浇水定期浇水；土壤应保持湿润但不可积水
🧺 收获持续采叶可延缓植株抽薹开花；花蕾出现时剪下
🪴 土壤养分丰富、富含有机质、排水良好的壤土（loamy）；理想 pH 6.0-7.5（微酸至中性）；多加腐殖质/熟堆肥。
⭐ 难度中等
🗓️ 季节春季
📅 日历以北半球为准；南半球请将播种时间推移约6个月。
💡 关键要点: 罗勒对寒冷非常敏感；降到 10°C 以下时立即移入室内（低于此温叶片会变黑、细胞受损）。与番茄一起栽培能减少害虫（蓟马 thrips、白粉虱）并可能提高产量；但风味改善是传统/坊间说法——西弗吉尼亚大学（WVU）为期 3 年的双盲口味测试未发现一致差异。植株长到约 15 cm 时掐去顶尖（pinch）：能增加分枝，延迟开花（抽薹 bolting）。
🤝 伴生逻辑: 世界上最经典的伴生植物搭档：与番茄一起栽培，对白粉虱和虫害提供双重保护。对辣椒和茄子也有益；能抑制杂草
🔬 科学参考文献
- Schuh, M. ve Kooyman, S.M. (2026) Growing basil in home gardens. University of Minnesota Extension. Erişim adresi: https://extension.umn.edu/vegetables/growing-basil (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Iowa State University Extension and Outreach (2025) Growing Basil in the Home Garden. Erişim adresi: https://yardandgarden.extension.iastate.edu/how-to/growing-basil-home-garden (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Jett, L.W. (2020) Growing Basil in West Virginia. West Virginia University Extension. Erişim adresi: https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/gardening/wv-garden-guide/growing-basil-in-west-virginia (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Illinois Extension (2020) Growing Basil in Your Backyard. University of Illinois Extension. Erişim adresi: https://extension.illinois.edu/blogs/flowers-fruits-and-frass/2020-05-13-growing-basil-your-backyard (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- North Carolina State University Extension (t.y.) Ocimum basilicum (Basil, Sweet Basil). NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. Erişim adresi: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ocimum-basilicum/ (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Royal Horticultural Society (t.y.) Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil). Erişim adresi: https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/11649/ocimum-basilicum/details (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Missouri Botanical Garden (t.y.) Ocimum basilicum. Plant Finder. Erişim adresi: https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a689 (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Old Farmer's Almanac (t.y.) Basil Companion Plants: 10 Best Plants to Grow with Basil. Erişim adresi: https://www.almanac.com/companion-plants-for-basil (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- West Coast Seeds (t.y.) Companion Planting. Erişim adresi: https://www.westcoastseeds.com/blogs/wcs-academy/companion-planting (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Ben-Issa, R., Gomez, L. ve Gautier, H. (2017) 'Companion Plants for Aphid Pest Management', Insects, 8(4), 112. doi:10.3390/insects8040112.
- Rizzi, L., Rafiq, M., Cabrol, M., Simon, S., Gomez, L., Lavigne, C., Franck, P. ve Gautier, H. (2025) 'Effect of intercropping apple trees with basil (Ocimum basilicum) or French marigold (Tagetes patula) on the rosy apple aphid regulation (Dysaphis plantaginea) and the abundance of its natural enemies', Pest Management Science, 81(3), s. 1373–1383. doi:10.1002/ps.8538.
- Erken, S., Sönmez, Ç., Sancaktaroğlu, S. ve Bayram, E. (2009) 'Farklı Dikim Sıklıklarının Fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum L.) Bitkisinin Verim ve Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi', Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 46(3), s. 165–173.
- Karaca, M., Kara, Ş.M. ve Özcan, M.M. (2017) 'Bazı Fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum L.) Popülasyonlarının Herba Verimi ve Uçucu Yağ Oranının Belirlenmesi', Ordu Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 7(2), s. 160–169.