🥬 生菜 Lactuca sativa
🥬 蔬菜 🧬 菊科
生菜（蔬菜）的伴生植物：可一起种植的好邻居、相克的植物以及种植窍门。EkoHarita — Dünya varmış!
🌿 在互动表格中打开
好邻居 — 可一起种植
坏邻居 — 不宜相邻种植
种植与播种要点
📅 播种从春季到秋末分批接连播种；可直播或用幼苗；炎热天气为防其抽薹开花，下午要提供遮阴
🌱 深度0.5 cm
📏 间距20-30 cm（结球品种间距更大）
🌞 光照全日照 / 半阴
💧 浇水定期少量浇水；保持土壤湿度，水不应积聚在心叶中
🧺 收获开花前采收；可从外侧采叶，或整株割下
🪴 土壤排水良好、中至高有机质含量的土壤
⭐ 难度容易
🗓️ 季节春季
📅 日历以北半球为准；南半球请将播种时间推移约6个月。
💡 关键要点: 炎热天气下它会迅速抽薹（bolt）；夏季为保持凉爽，借豆类/豌豆等高大植株提供轻度遮阴或勤浇水是关键。分批接连播种（每 2-3 周一次）能持续采收。
🤝 伴生逻辑: 与胡萝卜（id 25）、萝卜（id 66）和甜菜根（id 49）配合极佳；豌豆（id 3）和豆类（id 16）能提供轻度遮阴和氮素；旱金莲（id 62）是把蚜虫引到自身的诱集植物（要稍留距离种植）；让它远离向日葵（id 2）（化感作用会妨碍发芽/生长）。
🔬 科学参考文献
- Royal Horticultural Society (t.y.) Lactuca sativa (common lettuce). Erisim adresi: https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/106151/lactuca-sativa-common-lettuce-garden-lettuce/details (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- Clemson Cooperative Extension, Home & Garden Information Center (2023) Lettuce (HGIC 1312). Erisim adresi: https://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheet/lettuce/ (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- North Carolina Cooperative Extension (t.y.) Lactuca sativa - North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. Erisim adresi: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lactuca-sativa/ (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- Westerfield, R. (2022) Home Garden Lettuce (Circular 1018). University of Georgia Cooperative Extension. Erisim adresi: https://fieldreport.caes.uga.edu/publications/C1018/home-garden-lettuce/ (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- Ben-Issa, R., Gomez, L. ve Gautier, H. (2017) 'Companion Plants for Aphid Pest Management', Insects, 8(4), 112. doi:10.3390/insects8040112.
- West Coast Seeds (t.y.) How to Grow Lettuce. Erisim adresi: https://www.westcoastseeds.com/blogs/wcs-academy/grow-lettuce (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- West Coast Seeds (t.y.) Companion Planting. Erisim adresi: https://www.westcoastseeds.com/blogs/wcs-academy/companion-planting (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- Riotte, L. (1998) Carrots Love Tomatoes: Secrets of Companion Planting for Successful Gardening. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing. ISBN 9781580170277.
- T.C. Tarim ve Orman Bakanligi, Antalya Il Mudurlugu (t.y.) Marul Yetistiriciligi Ders Notlari. Erisim adresi: https://antalya.tarimorman.gov.tr/Belgeler/Marul%20Yeti%C5%9Ftiricili%C4%9Fi%20Ders%20Notlar%C4%B1.pdf (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- Tarfin (t.y.) Marul Yetistiriciligi Nasil Yapilir? Erisim adresi: https://tarfin.com/blog/marul-yetistiriciligi-nasil-yapilir (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).
- Bugday Ekolojik Yasami Destekleme Dernegi (t.y.) Dogadaki dayanisma: Kardes bitkiler. Erisim adresi: https://www.bugday.org/blog/dogadaki-dayanisma-kardes-bitkiler/ (Erisim: 15 Haziran 2026).