🫘 四季豆 Phaseolus vulgaris (dwarf)
🥬 蔬菜 🧬 豆科
四季豆（蔬菜）的伴生植物：可一起种植的好邻居、相克的植物以及种植窍门。EkoHarita — Dünya varmış!
🌿 在互动表格中打开
好邻居 — 可一起种植
坏邻居 — 不宜相邻种植
有争议的邻居
种植与播种要点
📅 播种终霜后，土壤至少 15°C 时直接播于土壤；为矮生品种，不需支撑
🌱 深度4-5 cm
📏 间距15-20 cm，行距35-40 cm
🌞 光照全日照
💧 浇水定期浇水；土壤应保持略微湿润，避免任其干透
🧺 收获播种后约 55-65 天，趁豆荚细如铅笔、脆嫩且种子尚未鼓起时采收；定期采摘可促进新荚形成。
🪴 土壤中等肥力、排水良好、微酸至中性的土壤；多加有机质
⭐ 难度容易
🗓️ 季节春季
📅 日历以北半球为准；南半球请将播种时间推移约6个月。
💡 关键要点: 四季豆借助根部的根瘤菌将空气中的氮固定到土壤里；因此不要施过多氮肥，并在采收后把根留在土里，为下一茬作物增氮。分批接连播种可整季获得新鲜产品。
🤝 伴生逻辑: 与番茄、草莓、甘蓝类、马铃薯、黄瓜和胡萝卜都生长良好；能为土壤固氮。万寿菊、旱金莲和香薄荷（Satureja）能驱赶豆瓢虫。让它远离洋葱、大蒜、细香葱、韭葱和茴香（葱属会妨碍固氮）。
🔬 科学参考文献
- Royal Horticultural Society (t.y.) How to grow French beans. Erişim adresi: https://www.rhs.org.uk/vegetables/french-beans/grow-your-own (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Schuh, M. ve MacKenzie, J. (2024) Growing beans in home gardens. University of Minnesota Extension. Erişim adresi: https://extension.umn.edu/vegetables/growing-beans (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Polomski, R.F., Bradshaw, D., Shaughnessy, D. ve Smith, B.H. (2023) Bush & Pole-Type Snap Beans (HGIC 1302). Clemson Cooperative Extension Home & Garden Information Center. Erişim adresi: https://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheet/bush-pole-type-snap-beans/ (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- North Carolina State Extension (t.y.) Phaseolus vulgaris. NC Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. Erişim adresi: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/phaseolus-vulgaris/ (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Missouri Botanical Garden (t.y.) Phaseolus vulgaris. Plant Finder. Erişim adresi: https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=280470 (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Barrett, J.J. (2022) Three Sisters Gardening Method. West Virginia University Extension. Erişim adresi: https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/news/2022/08/01/three-sisters-gardening-method (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Old Farmer's Almanac (t.y.) Plant a Three Sisters Garden: Corn, Beans, and Squash. Erişim adresi: https://www.almanac.com/content/three-sisters-corn-bean-and-squash (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- West Coast Seeds (t.y.) How to Grow Bush Beans. Erişim adresi: https://www.westcoastseeds.com/blogs/wcs-academy/grow-bush-beans (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Shumet, S.T., Ayalew, T., Roro, A.G. ve Beshir, H.M. (2022) 'Intercropping and Rhizobium Inoculation Affected Microclimate and Performance of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties', Scientifica, 2022, makale no. 3471912. doi:10.1155/2022/3471912.
- Zhanbota, A., Noor, R.S., Khan, A.I., Wang, G., Waqas, M.M., Shah, A.N. ve Ullah, S. (2022) 'A Two-Year Study on Yield and Yield Components of Maize-White Bean Intercropping Systems under Different Sowing Techniques', Agronomy, 12(2), makale no. 240. doi:10.3390/agronomy12020240.
- Kireç, Y. (2020) Doğadaki dayanışma: Kardeş bitkiler. Buğday Ekolojik Yaşamı Destekleme Derneği. Erişim adresi: https://www.bugday.org/blog/dogadaki-dayanisma-kardes-bitkiler/ (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Isparta İl Müdürlüğü (t.y.) Fasulye Yetiştiriciliği: Toprak ve İklim İstekleri. Erişim adresi: https://isparta.tarimorman.gov.tr/BelgelerArsiv/Faydal%C4%B1%20Bilgiler/%E2%80%8BBitkisel%20Yeti%C5%9Ftiricilik/Tarla%20Bitkileri%20Yeti%C5%9Ftiricili%C4%9Fi/Fasulye%20Yeti%C5%9Ftiricili%C4%9Fi.pdf (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).