🌱 豌豆 Pisum sativum
🥬 蔬菜 🧬 豆科
豌豆（蔬菜）的伴生植物：可一起种植的好邻居、相克的植物以及种植窍门。EkoHarita — Dünya varmış!
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好邻居 — 可一起种植
坏邻居 — 不宜相邻种植
有争议的邻居
种植与播种要点
📅 播种早春（甚至在略有冻土时）直接播于土壤；可分批错开播种
🌱 深度3-5 cm
📏 间距5-8 cm（行距20-30 cm）
🌞 光照全日照 / 半阴
💧 浇水中等；开花和豆荚灌浆期定期浇水至关重要
🧺 收获豆荚翠绿饱满时（通常播种后60-70天）采收；留作干豆则等其完全成熟
🪴 土壤喜排水良好、中等湿度、微中性至偏碱（pH 约 6.0-7.5）的土壤；其根系借助根瘤菌（Rhizobium）固氮，因此不要施过多氮肥（否则叶多荚少）。
⭐ 难度容易
🗓️ 季节春季 / 秋季
📅 日历以北半球为准；南半球请将播种时间推移约6个月。
💡 关键要点: 用绳子或支杆为豌豆搭出攀爬的支撑；勤采收可让植株结果更久。
🤝 伴生逻辑: 种在几乎所有蔬菜旁都能通过固氮改良土壤；尤其与胡萝卜、萝卜、黄瓜、玉米、生菜和南瓜相宜。让它远离洋葱、大蒜和韭葱（葱属）；葱属化合物会妨碍豆科植物生长和固氮作用。也不要与唐菖蒲（gladiolus）并排种植。
🔬 科学参考文献
- Royal Horticultural Society (t.y.) How to grow peas. Erişim adresi: https://www.rhs.org.uk/vegetables/peas/grow-your-own (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Missouri Botanical Garden (t.y.) Pisum sativum. Erişim adresi: https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=280471 (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- University of Minnesota Extension (t.y.) Growing peas in home gardens. Erişim adresi: https://extension.umn.edu/vegetables/growing-peas (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Diffenderfer, D. (t.y.) A gardener's guide to peas. Penn State Extension. Erişim adresi: https://extension.psu.edu/a-gardeners-guide-to-peas (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- University of Illinois Extension (t.y.) Pea (Pisum sativum) – Hort Answers. Erişim adresi: https://web.extension.illinois.edu/hortanswers/PlantDetail.cfm?PlantID=638&PlantTypeID=9 (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- West Coast Seeds (t.y.) Companion planting. Erişim adresi: https://www.westcoastseeds.com/blogs/wcs-academy/companion-planting (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- The Old Farmer's Almanac (t.y.) Growing peas: how to plant, grow, and harvest peas. Erişim adresi: https://www.almanac.com/plant/peas (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Gardening Know How (t.y.) Pea plant companions: what are plants that grow with peas. Erişim adresi: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/peas/pea-plant-companions.htm (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- University of California, Davis (1992) Aphid relief from sweet alyssum. Erişim adresi: https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/aphid-relief-sweet-alyssum (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Brennan, E.B. (2016) 'Agronomy of strip intercropping broccoli with alyssum for biological control of aphids', Biological Control, 97, s. 109–119. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2016.02.015.
- Riotte, L. (1998) Carrots love tomatoes: secrets of companion planting for successful gardening. 2. baskı. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing.
- Öz, M. ve Karasu, A. (2010) 'Bazı bezelye (Pisum sativum L.) çeşitlerinin tohum verimi ve verim komponentlerinin belirlenmesi', Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi (Uludağ Üniversitesi), 24(1), s. 44–49. Erişim adresi: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/sduzfd/article/317568 (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).
- Buğday Ekolojik Yaşamı Destekleme Derneği (t.y.) Doğadaki dayanışma: kardeş bitkiler. Erişim adresi: https://bugday.org/blog/kardes-bitkiler-dogal-bir-bagisiklik-sistemi-olusturuyor (Erişim: 12 Haziran 2026).